HackerRank List Comprehensions solution in Python
Let's learn about list comprehensions! You are given three integers X, Y and Z representing the dimensions of a cuboid along with an integer N. You have to print a list of all possible coordinates given by (i,j,k) on a 3D grid where the sum of (i+j+k) is not equal to N.
Input Format
Four integers X, Y, Z and N each on four separate lines, respectively.
Constraints
Print the list in lexicographic increasing order.
Sample Input 0
1
1
1
2
Sample Output 0
[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1]]
Explanation 0
Concept
You have already used lists in previous hacks. List comprehensions are an elegant way to build a list without having to use different for loops to append values one by one. This example might help.
Example: You are given two integers x and y . You need to find out the ordered pairs ( i , j ) , such that ( i + j ) is not equal to n and print them in lexicographic order.( 0 <= i <= x ) and ( 0 <= j <= y) This is the code if we dont use list comprehensions in Python.
python x = int ( raw_input()) y = int ( raw_input()) n = int ( raw_input()) ar = [] p = 0 for i in range ( x + 1 ) : for j in range( y + 1): if i+j != n: ar.append([]) ar[p] = [ i , j ] p+=1 print ar
Other smaller codes may also exist, but using list comprehensions is always a good option. Code using list comprehensions:
python x = int ( raw_input()) y = int ( raw_input()) n = int ( raw_input()) print [ [ i, j] for i in range( x + 1) for j in range( y + 1) if ( ( i + j ) != n )]
Sample Input 1
2
2
2
2
Sample Output 1[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 2], [0, 2, 1], [0, 2, 2], [1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 2], [1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 2], [1, 2, 0], [1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 2], [2, 0, 1], [2, 0, 2], [2, 1, 0], [2, 1, 1], [2, 1, 2], [2, 2, 0], [2, 2, 1], [2, 2, 2]]
Solution in Python3
x,y,z,n = [int(input()) for i in range(4)]
print([[i,j,k] for i in range(x+1) for j in range(y+1) for k in range(z+1) if ((i+j+k) != n)])
This solution is written in Python3 and is using a concept called list comprehension. List comprehension is an elegant way to build a list without having to use different for loops to append values one by one.
Step 1: The first line of code is taking four integers X, Y, Z and N as input, each on four separate lines, respectively. It assigns them to a variable called x, y, z, n respectively.
Step 2: The second line of code is the list comprehension. It starts with creating an empty list. Then it creates three nested for loops, each for the variables i, j and k. The range of each variable is from 0 to the input value + 1. The variable i is looping through the range of x+1, variable j is looping through the range of y+1 and variable k is looping through the range of z+1.
Step 3: Inside the list comprehension, there is an if statement that checks if the sum of i, j, and k is not equal to N. If this condition is true, it appends the current values of i, j, k to the list as a sublist.
Step 4: Once the for loops have completed, the final list comprehension will contain all possible coordinates given by (i, j, k) on a 3D grid where the sum of (i+j+k) is not equal to N. This final list is then printed out.
In summary, this solution is using list comprehension to create a 3D grid of coordinates, where the sum of the coordinates is not equal to N. And it also prints the final list of coordinates in lexicographic increasing order.